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Exploring the beautiful nature of California
California Climate
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Most of the state of California has a
Mediterranean climate, with rainy winters and dry summers. Winds
from the ocean bring moisture, and the northern parts of the
state generally receive higher annual rainfall amounts than the
south. On the coast the influence of the Pacific ocean generally moderates temperature
extremes, creating warmer winters and substantially cooler summers, with often
summer fog (called "June Gloom") near the coast.
Further inland, the climate
becomes more continental with colder winters and markedly hotter summers. The
Central Valley has a Mediterranean climate but with greater
temperature extremes than the coastal areas: parts of the valley
are often filled with thick fog, similar to that found in the
coastal valleys. The high mountains, including the
Sierra
Nevada, have a mountain climate with snow in winter and mild to
moderate heat in summer. California's desert climate regions lie
east of the high Sierra Nevada and Southern California's Ranges. |
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The low deserts east of the Southern
California mountains, including the Imperial and Coachella
valleys and the lower Colorado River, are part of the Sonoran
Desert, with hot summers and mild winters. The higher elevation deserts of Eastern
California, including the Mojave Desert and Owens Valley, are
part of the Great Basin region, with hot summers and cold
winters.
The Santa Ana winds are warm, dry winds that characteristically
appear in Southern California weather during autumn and early
winter. As the Santa Ana winds are channeled through the
mountain passes they can approach hurricane force. The
combination of wind, heat, and dryness turns the chaparral into
explosive fuel for the infamous wildfires that burn thousands of
acres every year.
During the summer months the region is affected by the Mexican
Monsoon which drives moisture from the tropical Pacific, Gulf of
California and Gulf of Mexico into the deserts, setting off
often, brief thunderstorms, particularly over mountainous
terrain.
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The weather on the Monterey Peninsula is moderate year-round.
The
average daily temperature along the coast varies only by about 12 degrees
throughout the calendar year, with average highs in the mid-60s and average
lows in the low 50s. Fog can be a factor, consistently keeping the summers
misty and gray, especially in the morning hours; in fact, you could
see more sunshine in January than in July. Don’t let fog-bound days keep
you away, however, the misty haze only adds to the Monterey mystique.
Still, the best time to visit is Indian summer, from August through October,
when days are sunniest and warmest. Temperatures are appreciably warmer and days are sunnier inland.
Although most of the area’s prime destinations lie along the coast, if it’s
sun that you’re after, consider making Carmel Valley your headquarters.
You have to drive inland only 15 minutes or so for temps to climb well
into the 80s or 90s in July or August. |
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Westerly winds from the ocean bring moisture, and the northern parts of the state generally receive higher annual rainfall amounts than the south. California's mountain ranges influence the climate as well: moisture-laden air from the west cools as it ascends the mountains, dropping moisture; some of the rainiest parts of the state are west-facing mountain slopes. Northwestern California has a temperate climate with rainfall of 15 inches
to 50 inches per year. Some areas of Coast Redwood forest receive over 100 inches of precipitation per year.
The Central Valley has a wide range of precipitation. The northern parts of the Central Valley receive substantially greater precipitation from winter storms which sweep down from the Pacific Northwest, while the southernmost regions of the Central Valley are near desert-like because of a lack of precipitation. Parts of the Valley are occasionally filled with thick fog (known locally as "tule fog)."
The high mountains, including the Sierra Nevada, the
Cascade Range, and the Klamath Mountains, have a mountain climate with snow in winter and mild to moderate heat in summer. Ski resorts at
Lake Tahoe, Mammoth Lakes, and
Mount Shasta routinely receive over 10 feet
of snow in a season.
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Despite its long coastline, California is not vulnerable to tropical cyclones. Because of the cold California Current from the North Pacific Ocean and the fact that the storms tend to "steer" West, California has only been hit with two tropical storms in recorded history, a storm which came ashore in 1939 and dumped heavy rainfall on the Los Angeles Area and interior deserts and Hurricane Nora. The remnants of tropical systems will affect California more commonly, every several years.
California's summers are typically hot, and dry. This makes them
prone to wildfires. These can be life threatening and cause
evacuation. Wildfires are less common along the coast because of
the cool humid summers, but can occur in autumn when the Marine
layer is less common making it warm and dry. |
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