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Exploring the beautiful nature of California
California Nature: Creepy Crawly Bugs
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Outside there is a true beauty to California
nature, Unfortunately nature also has some creepy crawly insects
that you will want to avoid.
There are several species of stinging caterpillars in California, including
the common grapeleaf skeletonizer, several buck moths and the puss
caterpillar. The grapeleaf skeltonizer is found on plants in the grape
family. It is a small caterpillar, white, with two blue bands at a
quarter of the distance from the head and tail ends and a broken blue band in the center. Each segment of the body is adorned with a transverse row of
black urticating hairs in clusters of thirty or more.
Buck moths are chiefly found feeding on a variety of desert
plants and will rarely be encountered. All the species are
similar in appearance with a distinctly segmented body and six
complete rows of dark-branched urticating spines. The head is
brown and hard and distinct from the rest of the body
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The puss caterpillar is covered with so many hairs it looks like its wearing a fur coat. Interspersed among the body hairs are numerous, yellowish, lack-tipped urticating hairs. This species is found in the southwest portion of the state where it prefers an oak woodland habitat. If you are stung by a stinging caterpillar, use cellophane tape to remove the venomous spines and then wash the affected area with soap and water and apply an antiseptic petroleum-based ointment. Go to a doctor if severe systemic reactions occur.
Puss caterpillars are a convex, stout bodied larva, almost 1"
long when mature and completely covered with gray to brown
hairs. Under the soft hairs are stiff spines that are attached
to poison glands. When touched, these poisonous spines break off
in the skin and cause severe pain. In California, there appear
to be two generations per year, one in spring and the other in
the fall. Natural enemies keep these caterpillars at low numbers
during most years; however, they periodically become numerous.
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Probably no creature on earth can cause as
much torment for its size than the tiny chigger. Chiggers or
"red bugs" are the larvae of mites belonging to the family
Trombiculidae. In humans, chiggers can cause intense itching and
small reddish welts on the skin Chigger mites are about 1/20
inch long, usually bright red, have hairy bodies, and travel
rapidly.
Chigger larvae do not burrow into the skin, nor suck blood.
Chiggers attach themselves to the skin, hair follicles or pores
by inserting their piercing mouthparts. When chiggers attach to
humans, they are not usually noticed for some time. During
feeding, they inject a fluid into the skin which dissolves
tissue. Chiggers feed by sucking up the liquified tissues.
Although chiggers in North America don't usually carry any
diseases, the bites themselves can get infected. Although
chigger bites are often more annoying than dangerous, one
problem is that they are often confused with chicken pox. The
fact that chigger bites are usually concentrated along a child's
waist, ankles, neck, and arm pits, usually help to distinguish
chigger bites from a mild case of chicken pox.
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Pillbugs, and sowbugs are slow-moving, crawling
arthropods. They require high moisture and are
most active at night. When resting during the
day, they may be found under trash, rocks,
boards, under decaying vegetation, or just
beneath the soil surface. A heavy infestation
indoors usually indicates a large population
outdoors. Mulches, grass clippings, and leaf
litter often provide the decaying organic matter
they need to survive.
Both bugs are found throughoutCalifornia. They
are wingless, oval or slightly elongated
arthropods about half an inch in length and
slate-gray in color with body segments
resembling armored plates. Pillbugs or "rolly-pollies"
lack the tail-like appendages that sowbugs have
and can roll into a tight ball. Sowbugs are
often called woodlice and possess two tail-like
appendages, seven pairs of legs, and
well-developed eyes. They are incapable of
rolling into a tight ball.
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Centipedes and millipedes are commonly seen
in yards and occasionally enter homes. Centipedes are
many-legged animals and belong to a group of animals called
Chilopods. They are usually brownish, flattened animals with
many body segments.
Most of the body segments have one pair of legs. Centipedes are
fast runners and may vary in length from one to six inches. They
have one pair of antennae or "feelers" that are easily seen.
Centipedes have poorly developed eyes and are most active at
night.
They are active predators and feed mainly on insects and
spiders. All centipedes have venom glands to immobilize their
prey. The jaws of the smaller local species cannot penetrate
human skin; however, the larger species may inflict painful
bites.
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Butterflies
Creepy Crawly Pests Flying Pests
Garden Pests
Itchy, Stingy Bugs |
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