|
Exploring the beautiful nature of California
California Nature: Endangered Animals
|
|
The US Endangered Species Act (ESA) is
Federal legislation that aims to conserve the ecosystems upon
which endangered and threatened species depend. The ESA was
signed into law by
President Nixon in December, 1973. The ESA
protects plant and animal species and is jointly administered by
the US Fish & Wildlife Service and NOAA Fisheries. Its aim is
twofold: to provide protection for species that are in danger of
extinction and to conserve the habitats on which those species
depend.
Endangered animals include the San Joaquin kit fox, Point Arena
mountain beaver, Pacific pocket mouse, salt marsh harvest mouse,
Morro Bay kangaroo rat (and five other species of kangaroo rat),
Amargosa vole, California least tern, California condor, San
Clemente loggerhead shrike, San Clemente sage sparrow, San
Francisco garter snake, five species of salamander, three
species of chub, and two species of pupfish.
Eleven butterflies are listed as endangered and two as
threatened on the federal list are California species. Among
threatened animals are the coastal California gnatcatcher,
Paiute cutthroat trout, southern sea otter, and northern spotted
owl.
|
 |
The Resources Agency of California's Department of Fish and Game
is especially active in listing and providing protection for
rare, threatened, and endangered fauna. Joint efforts by state
and federal wildlife agencies have established an ambitious, if
somewhat controversial, recovery program to revitalize the
dwindling population of the majestic condor, the largest bird
native to the US.
California condors are one of the largest
flying birds. At one time there were thousands of them in the
wild, ranging across the western United States and into Mexico.
Native American tribes have great respect for the condor and see
it as a symbol of power. They call it the thunderbird because
they believe it brings thunder to the skies with the beating of
its huge wings.
Destruction of habitat, poaching, and lead poisoning almost wiped out the California condor population. In 1982, only 22 birds remained in the wild. The San Diego Zoo was given permission to begin the first captive propagation program for California condors. The program also involved the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, California Department of Fish and Game, the National Audubon Society, and the Los Angeles Zoo.
|
|
|
California is home to an incredibly diverse
biota, boasting 563 birds, 96 reptiles, 190 mammals and well
over 5000 species of plants. And the numbers only tell part of
the story. The geographical diversity which is responsible for
this great biological diversity has also helped to preserve many
unusual species, for example, giant redwoods and California
Condors.
California is also home to an incredible diversity of humans,
over 30 million of us and counting. As we occupy more and more
space and demand more and more resources, we are disrupting the
delicate systems which maintain the state's great biotic
diversity. Some bioregions have almost completely succumbed to
the pressures of development, such as the Central Valley,
historically a mosaic of marshes, grasslands, and riparian.
Clearly California's biodiversity is being seriously impacted.
Many of California's 60 fish species are listed or are proposed
for listing as threatened or endangered by the United States
Fish and Wildlife Service. |
 |
California has a total of 290,821 acres of
National Wildlife Refuges. The mission of these refuges and the
Refuge System is to administer a national network of lands and
waters for the conservation, management and where appropriate,
restoration of the fish, wildlife and plant resources and their
habitats within the United States for the benefit of present and
future generations of Americans.
California's National Wildlife Refuges protect numerous tracts
of California's diverse landscape for the benefit of abundance
of wildlife. The refuges are home to millions of migratory
birds. California's National Wildlife Refuges are scattered
throughout the state, however, many are concentrated in the
Sacramento and Central Valleys. The refuges offer opportunities
for bird-watching, viewing numerous other types of wildlife,
fishing, hiking and environmental interpretation, and simply
enjoying nature.
|
|
|
The California Fish and Game Code considers
that endangered and threatened species are of ecological,
educational, historical, recreational, esthetic, economic, and
scientific value to the people of the State of California. The
State of California has legislation that allows the state to
protect endangered and threatened species by acquiring land for
these species to protect, restore and enhance the habitat of
these species.
Sadly some animals in California have already reached
extinction. Animals like the wolf, the Southern California
kit fox, the grizzly bear, the Saber-Toothed Cat, American Lion,
Short-Faced Bear, Western Horse, Western Camel, the Ancient
Bison, and others. While not extinct the American bald eagle
came very close, before it was helped.
Extinct mammals, like the saber-toothed cats and mammoths, and
birds, like Merriam's Teratorn and Grinnell's Eagle, roamed the
Los Angeles Basin for several hundred thousand years. These and
other extinct species were entrapped and their remains were
preserved between 40,000 and 10,000 years ago at Rancho La Brea,
during the last of four great Ice Ages at the end of the
Pleistocene Epoch. |
| Endangered Birds
Endangered Fish
Endangered Mammals
Endangered Reptiles
Endangered Amphibians |
|