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Exploring the beautiful nature of California
California Nature: Irvine Ranch
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The Irvine Company grew out of the 185-square-mile
ranch James Irvine, Benjamin and Thomas Flint, and Llewellyn
Bixby founded in 1864 from three adjoining Mexican land grants.
In 1959 the Irvine Company donated 1,000 acres and sold 500 acres near Newport Beach to the University of California for construction of a new UC campus. Nearly 40,000 acres of open space on the
historic Irvine Ranch have been designated a Natural Landmark by
both the State of California and the U.S. Department of
Interior. Established in 1897, the land was the first of many
donations by the James Irvine family to the public. Irvine
Regional is Orange County’s oldest park, a historic landmark,
and the very first regional park in the State of California.
Some of Orange County’s oldest coast live oak and California
sycamore trees can be found at the park, which offers 477 acres
of shady picnic grounds, hiking and equestrian trails, stables,
softball fields, volleyball courts, a lagoon with paddleboats,
the Orange County Zoo, and even a steam-driven train. The Back Bay Loop Trail provides an exciting opportunity for outdoor enthusiasts to discover a magnificent regional trail experience and get to know the Bay. The 10.5 mile trail
winds around the Bay, with scenic stops at places like Upper
Castaways Park, the new Back Bay Science Center at Shellmaker
Island, and Big Canyon. |
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The Back Bay Loop Trail also links to the
22-mile Mountains to Sea Trail. This scenic trail, designated a
National Recreation Trail by the National Park Service, runs
from Upper Newport Bay through Irvine past Peters Canyon
Reservoir and into the rugged mountains of Weir Canyon north of
Irvine Regional Park. Whether you travel by bike, horse, on rollerblades or simply by putting one foot
in front of the other, you're in for a spectacular outdoor adventure as you
explore the 22-mile "Mountains to Sea Trail" that traverses the historic
93,000-acre Irvine Ranch. Beginning in rugged, oak-filled Weir Canyon, the trail takes you south through
six jurisdictions, five cities and a portion of the County of Orange,
guaranteeing that the only constant on this trek is an exhilarating change of
scenery and topography. The Mountains to Sea Trail, the backbone of the
50,000-acres of open space on The Irvine Ranch was created through
cooperative municipal planning to let people of all ages and abilities
experience unimpeded the magnitude, magnificence and diversity of The Ranch. From Weir Canyon to Peters Canyon Reservoir, past the historical Irvine Ranch
agricultural headquarters and along the San Diego Creek Channel to Upper Newport
Bay, there's no more enjoyable way to experience one of the nation's most
spectacular networks of parks, trails and preserved natural lands.
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For 136 years, the Irvine Ranch and its
rugged, scenic canyons were off limits to all but cattle,
cowboys, and descendants of its namesake, rancher James Irvine.
In 1992, much of this private Orange County wilderness went
public, offering its urban neighbors the opportunity to explore
coastal sage scrub and oak woodland habitats that have nearly
disappeared from southern California. This land sharing came
about as a result of an unprecedented partnership between a
private landowner, The Irvine Company, and land conservationists
from The Nature Conservancy. In order to protect the ranch's
resources, public access is limited to docent-led tours. These
include guided tours for hikers, bicyclists and equestrians, as
well as programs for children, birders, and artists. The ranch's
12,000-acre Weir, Gypsum and Fremont Canyons, adjacent to
Cleveland National Forest, are home to many native animals and
plants. These include the rare Tecate cypress, found only in
three other areas of California. The 14,000-acre southern
boundary, with its hills, meadows, wooded canyons and sweeping
views of the Pacific, connects Crystal Cove State Park and the
Laguna Coast Wilderness Park. |
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The Irvine Ranch wildlands and parks are
home to bobcats, red-tailed hawks, coyotes, mule deer,
meadowlarks, and an abundance of other wildlife. Nearly 50,000
acres of wild lands and parks have been designated as permanent
open space on The Irvine Ranch. But protecting the land is only
the first step. Mediterranean ecosystems like these need
extremely attentive stewardship. The rare plants, animals and
habitats found here are adapted to specialized conditions and
need our long-term management to survive. The mission of the
Irvine Ranch Conservancy is to make sure that these lands are
cared for and enjoyed to the highest possible standards.
Scientists have identified this region as one of the world's
biodiversity "hot spots", an area with large concentrations of
different species. The open space throughout the Natural
Landmarks contains rock formations and fossils that reveal a
sequence of events chronicling earth's history dating back
nearly 80 million years. This landscape also contains large
swaths of coastal sage scrub, a rare habitat found only in
coastal Southern California and northern Baja California. The
combination of unusual geological and rare biological
characteristics is rare even among Natural Landmarks.
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The Mediterranean climate zone exists
in only five small areas of the world, including the wild lands
and parks on the Irvine Ranch. The special ecosystems that have
evolved in these regions are among the most threatened in the
world, disappearing at three percent per year, faster than even
tropical rainforests. The combination of balmy climate, nearby
oceans and abundant natural resources means that Mediterranean
climate areas are among the most desirable for human settlement.
This has led to conversion of most of these habitat areas to
urban or agricultural landscapes. The remote canyons of the
13,000-acre northern boundary, east of the city of Orange, are
notable for "The Sinks" area of Limestone Canyon, a huge,
steep-walled sandstone ravine that resembles a mini-Grand
Canyon. The land harbors some of the county's richest oak and
sycamore woodlands, as well as streams and springs, laced with
blackberries and monkey flowers and shared by animals of all
sizes, from mountain lions to rare lizards. |
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