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Exploring the beautiful nature of California
California Nature: Vegetable Gardening
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A garden isn’t always about aesthetics. While a
flower garden in full bloom is sight to see, gardens can be designed for utility
as well. A vegetable garden is the perfect solution to reducing your carbon output.
Every tomato you grow in your own yard is a tomato that doesn’t have to be
shipped across the country before you get to eat it.
Fruits and vegetables from your own yard, picked at their peak, are fresher,
riper, and more flavorful than anything found on supermarket shelves.
When deciding where to plant your vegetable garden, choose the best available
location. You may have
little choice concerning the soil type available to you, but you can use a
simple test to find out whether your soil is in good condition for planting.
Squeeze a handful of soil to test for moisture content. If the squeezed soil
forms a clump, the soil is too wet to work. If you work soil that contains this
much moisture, it might form into hard, cement-like clumps, which can cause
problems for the remainder of the year. If the soil crumbles easily when it is
squeezed, it is in an ideal condition to work. Correct tillage and the use of
good organic and soil amendments can improve poor soil and can increase yield,
even in good soil.
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Level ground is best for growing vegetables. It is easier to prepare, plant, and
irrigate than sloping ground. If you must plant on sloping ground, run rows
across the slope, not up and down, to keep the soil from washing away during
irrigation.
Locate your garden near an abundant supply of water easily reached
with a garden hose. Vegetables need at least 8 hours of sunlight
each day for best growth. Plant vegetables where they are not shaded by trees,
shrubs, walls, or fences. Trees and shrubs also compete with vegetables for the
water available in the soil. If your garden is large enough for you to use power
tools, be sure you have easy access to a road or driveway wide enough for
equipment movement.
A key to any successful garden is planning. Time and space
cannot be wasted if the gardener is to produce large amounts of
vegetables from a limited area. Gardeners should pay close
attention to timing of planting and harvesting, selection of
varieties, trellising, and other space-saving practices.
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It's wonderful having flowers in your yard!
Even if your main focus is raising vegetables, adding ornamental
flowers enhances the look of your garden and makes it more
attractive to the pollinators you need for a successful crop.
In California it is possible to have both a spring and a winter
garden in most parts of the state. The key to successful winter
gardening is knowing the average date of the first killing frost
in your region. You then plant your winter crops early enough to
let them reach their full maturity before that killing frost.
Local garden authorities can give you information about the
timing of first frosts and the hardiness of various crops for
your area.
You can add from 10oF. to 15oF. of warmth to your fall and
winter garden by taking advantage of windbreaks and walls. Many
gardeners have discovered by surprise that a south-facing wall
of the home, shed, or greenhouse is ideally situated for
constructing easily built structures that use the free solar
energy of the sun. |
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Permanently edged raised beds have been used for growing
vegetables and flowers for centuries. They may be made of stone,
bricks, concrete, or with either treated or untreated lumber.
The soil in a well made and maintained raised bed can be between
8 and 12 degrees F. warmer than the same soil in the surrounding
garden areas. Another advantage is the lessening of the need to
bend over to work in, or harvest from, the raised beds
Do not plant the same fall or winter vegetable crops in the same
location as they were planted the previous year or the summer
season. It is important to note that if the same crop is planted
in the same location, not only will the soil be weakened through
continual loss of the same nutrients but the plants will also
attract the same insects and diseases to that part of the
garden.
Grow only those vegetables you enjoy eating. Give priority to
those prized for incredible flavor when eaten fresh from the
garden: sweet corn, beans and peas, tomatoes and young spinach,
among others. Your yard is a unique micro-climate that is
affected by heat-retaining walls, patios and driveways, shade
trees, exposure to sun and wind, elevation, slope and many other
factors. Selecting the right spot for each plant can expand the
number of varieties you can grow successfully.
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The inland valleys are subject to desert
influences from the Mojave desert, and feature very summer
temperatures and cold, often freezing, winters. While not
generally considered agricultural, these valleys do allow use of
fruit trees with high chill requirements. The extreme
temperature range limits many cool weather crops that will bolt
rapidly as the heat comes on, and cold winter temperatures rule
out most sub-tropicals. This short hot summer does offer the
ability to get crops in and producing early and to plant fall
and winter crops after the heat has passed.
Because of California's low
rain fall, all undisturbed soils tend to be high in minerals and slightly
alkaline. Most of the disturbed, and many of the native, soils lack organic matter, making
soil amendments and mulches an important part of garden preparation. If you
amend your garden soil by mixing organic materials into it, it should have nitrogen-rich fertilizer added to the amendment before addition. The
added nitrogen will feed the micro-organisms as they digest the organic
material. If amendments are not high in nitrogen, the soil organisms will drawn
nitrogen from the soil, lowering the amount available for your plants. |
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